Which ethical principle guides truth-telling to a patient?

• A. Beneficence and veracity
• B. Respect for autonomy and veracity
• C. Nonmaleficence
• D. Justice

Answer: (B)

Truth-telling to patients is guided by respect for autonomy and veracity. Autonomy means patients have the right to make informed decisions about their own care, which requires accurate, complete information. Veracity is the duty to tell the truth. Together, they ensure patients can understand their diagnosis, prognosis, and options and give informed consent. Beneficence and nonmaleficence influence how information is communicated to support well-being and avoid harm, but they don’t define the obligation to disclose information itself. Justice is about fair treatment and is not the primary driver of truthful disclosure.